| Abstract Detail
Coffee Genomics - Morning Tornincasa, P [1], Martellossi, C [1], Dreos, R [1], De Nardi, B [1], Asquini, E [1], Ratinavelu, R [1], Pallavicini, A [1], Graziosi, G [1]. Genomics and product traceability. C. arabica provides the 70% of the commercial coffee and the rest is provided by C. canephora and, for a small proportion, by some other species of local relevance. It is not always easy to distinguish between an Arabica and a Robusta coffee bean but their price is considerably different. Genomics, specifically DNA analysis, can provide tools for distinguishing between Arabica and Robusta coffee and also among different Cultivars and specific Specialty Coffees. Organelles DNA of C.a. is similar to that of C. eugenioides and somewhat different from that of C canephora but, in the development of hybrids, very few records or official publication report which species was the pollen donor and which one was the ovule donor. Moreover, in Sarchimor and Catimor cultivars we cannot exclude a priori the introduction of robusta organelles. The analysis of single nuclear sequences could pose the similar problems. In facts C.a. is know to have a complete set of C.c. genes but we found that there are single mutation that can distinguish arabica from robusta. Moreover the interspecific hybrids must have DNA sequences introgressed from C.c. and, even if the plant is phenotypically classified as “arabica”, it mast have robusta sequences introduced by the recent cross. We analyzed a number of DNA polymorphisms of different type both for species identification and for the arabica cultivar identification. We found that the most reliable approach to the problem is the use of a panel of microsatellites which was tested on 33 commercial cultivars of C. arabica and 13 interspecific hybrids collected in America, India and Africa. The approach can identify almost all the cultivars.
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Related Links:
Coffee genomics database
1 - University of Trieste, Biology, P-le Valmaura 9, Trieste, 34100, Italy
Keywords:
coffee
Genomics
Traceability
DNA.
Session: SAT01-7
Location: Hall of Ideas Room G/Monona Terrace
Date: Wednesday, July 26th, 2006
Time: 9:00 AM
Abstract ID:98 |
