| Abstract Detail
Coffee Genomics - Morning de Kochko, Alexandre [1], Campa, Claudine [1], Chabrillange, Nathalie [1], Couturon, Emmanuel [1], Dussert, Stéphane [1], Hamon, Perla [1], Hamon, Serge [1], Joët, Thierry [2], Noirot, Michel [2], Poncet, Valérie [1], Talamond, Pascale [1]. The IRD contribution to the study of Coffea genetic and functional diversity. COFFEA genus contains over 90 species originating from Africa, Madagascar and the Mascaren islands. All of them are diploid (2n=2x=22) with the exception of C. arabica, one of the two cultivated species, which is allotetraploid. Production and use of different genetic markers, RFLP, AFLP, SSR, I-SSR, EST-SSR, allowed the construction of four different interspecific genetic maps. Intrageneric diversity was also assessed and species specific markers, as well as anchor markers, were identified. An evaluation made on several representative species of the genus, showed that a great diversity in biochemical compounds of the green bean exists. These compounds, such as caffeine, lipids and hydoxycinnamoyl quinic acids (HQA) play a role in the determination of the coffee cup quality and certainly in the adaptation of the plants to the very different environments they are naturally found in Africa. Lipid and HQA content in the green beans appeared to be good biochemical markers of the interspecific genetic diversity. Establishment of an EST library harboring over 10,000 sequences representing about 5,500 unigenes, allowed the isolation of nine cDNA involved in the HQA biosynthetic pathway. The genetic structure of the corresponding genes was established for seven of them. In particular, the identification of two different acyltransferases and two differently acting hydroxylases allowed proposing a pathway for HQA biosynthesis in coffee plants. One of the most economical and save way to maintain Coffea genetic resources is through cryopreservation. A protocol was defined for several species and the membrane lipidic composition as well as the response to oxidative stresses were shown to play in important role in the ability to resist to ultra low temperature and desiccation.
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1 - Institut de Recherche pour le Développment, Génomique et qualité du café, U.M.R. D.G.P.C., Centre I.R.D. de Montpellier, B.P. 64501, Montpellier cedex 5, 34394, France
2 - Institut de Recherche pour le Développment, Génomique et qualité du café, U.M.R. D.G.P.C., Pôle de protection des plantes, 7 chemin de l\'Irat Ligne Paradis, Saint Pierre, 97410, France
Keywords:
genetic diversity
Functional Diversity.
Session: SAT01-8
Location: Hall of Ideas Room G/Monona Terrace
Date: Wednesday, July 26th, 2006
Time: 9:20 AM
Abstract ID:170 |
